(1) General provisions
Underground mining must be carried out in accordance with mining design and operational procedures. Each exit must have two exits connected to each other. The support for the safety exit must be strong and have a ladder. In the two middle sections adjacent to the upper and lower sides, when the stope arranged along the upper and lower sides of the slope is used for the open field method and the mining method is used for mining, it is forbidden to pick up at the same time. Only after the upper part of the mine is finished, the lower stop is used. When using the comprehensive mining method, the roof should be carefully inspected during the mining process. According to the stability of the roof, leave a suitable column. When using the cross bracing mining method, the cross bracing material should have sufficient strength.
It is necessary to set up the platform before quasi-rock drilling. Personnel are prohibited from walking on the cross braces. The width of the stope (ore body thickness) shall not exceed 3 meters. The pillars must be recycled reasonably. When designing back into the mining room, it must be designed back to the mining column. After the middle section of the mining section is finished, the pillars of the upper middle section should be recovered in time.
During the recovery process, the stability of the pillars and the lanes of transportation, ventilation, etc. must be ensured, and it is not allowed to dig into the mine shafts that damage the stability of the pillars. When returning to the mining room to the vicinity of the pillar, the quality of rock drilling and the amount of explosives should be strictly controlled. The technicians should give the mining limit in time and prohibit over-excavation. Mines with frequent ground pressure activities and high strength should have personnel who are responsible for ground pressure.
The ground pressure personnel routinely monitor all parts of the mine and find that the dangerous situation (such as support skew, damage, roof and two sets of cracks, etc.) should be reported in a timely manner, inform the relevant personnel, and analyze the reasons for processing. Individual mining sites with frequent activities, broken roofs and possible caving should be inspected by experienced personnel and every shift to guide the rock drilling method to avoid large fluctuations. If you find a sign of a fall, you should immediately withdraw all personnel. The goaf should be disposed of in a timely manner.
Different treatment methods are adopted depending on the volume of the goaf and the potential danger. Large volume, once collapsed will cause the entire mining site or the entire mine devastating disaster, should be treated by filling method or timely and effective forced collapse. An isolated goaf that is small in size or far from the main ore body can be treated in a closed manner. The strength of the closed wall should be sufficient to withstand the shock wave generated by the collapse.
It is forbidden to vent the mine, and unqualified large ore, scrap steel, wood and wire rope are prohibited from being placed in the well to prevent blockage. When the mine is being mined, the miner should contact the pick-up and mover to prevent it from pouring into the mine at the same time, and the ore flow will cause injury. It is strictly forbidden for personnel to stand directly on the ore of the chute or funnel or enter the chute and funnel to handle the blockage. When there is a hanging arch or a vertical trough in the mining operation, it is strictly forbidden for personnel to enter the suspension arch or the vertical trough for treatment.
Supporting measures shall be taken for the loose and unstable mining face, mining and cutting roadway of surrounding rock; the support damaged by blasting or other reasons shall be repaired in time to confirm the safety and standard operation. When the roof is found in the operation, the operation should be stopped for processing; if the roof is found to be dangerous, the operator should immediately notify the operator to evacuate the site and report it in time.
(2) Safety regulations for shallow hole retention method
Before the first layer is mined, the lower funnel should be expanded and filled with ore; each funnel should be uniformly mined, found to be suspended, the upper part should be stopped, the suspension should be stopped, and the operation should continue; the ore miners and the stope The personnel must be in close contact. In the area affected by the mine, it is not allowed to work at the same time. The amount of ore discharged per layer should be controlled so that the height of the working face is kept within 2 meters. If the mechanized rock drilling rig is eye-catching, the height can be determined by mechanical requirements.
(3) Safety regulations for filling mining laws
The exit must maintain two exits and have lighting. Pedestrian wells, mines and ventilation shafts must be kept open. It is forbidden to drill rock and treat pumice at the same time in the stope. Before the shooting cannon is fired, the adjacent stopway and nearby wells must be notified and the warnings must be strengthened. To fill the stope in the upward stratification, the filling well and its contact road must be constructed first, then the bottom structure and the bottoming roadway should be constructed to form good ventilation conditions as soon as possible.
When drilling rock in the stope, the blastholes should be evenly arranged and arched along the top plate. The charge should be appropriate to control the ore block. Screens should be placed in the mining site to prevent personnel from falling and blocking. Fill each layer after mining to ensure the filling quality. The last layer should take measures and close the top. Personnel are prohibited from staying and passing under the filling well; when filling, there should be communication links between the various processes. Under the cementation filling of the stope, the ore of the two corners should be cleaned. Dry filling, each working point should have good ventilation, dust removal measures, and strengthen personal protection.
(4) Safety regulations for the subsection mining law
Except for the roadway for mining, transportation, filling and ventilation, it is forbidden to dig other roadways in the top pillar of the stope. The upper and middle sections of the mine and the pillars should have the same specifications, and the upper and lower sides should correspond.
(5) Safety regulations for wall caving mining method
Safety measures for suspension, roofing, roofing and roofing must be specified in the design. A thorough inspection is required before topping to ensure smooth outlets, good lighting and safe equipment. When laying the roof, people are prohibited from staying in the roadway near the topping area. In the dense pillars, every 3 to 5 m, there must be a safety outlet with a width of not less than 0.8 m. When the dense pillars are under pressure, reinforcement measures must be taken in time. If the topping does not achieve the desired results, careful design must be made before the second topping can be carried out. When the multi-layered ore body slicing, must wait until after the upper stone slate roof caving and stable, before being allowed to the lower seam mining.
When the two adjacent middle sections are simultaneously harvested, the upper middle section mining working surface shall be inclined longer than the lower middle section working surface ahead of the working surface, and shall not be less than 20m. The roof that cannot be self-propelled after the column is withdrawn shall be re-drilled and blasted to the topping area at 0.5m outside the dense pillar to force a caving. The mechanical withdrawal of the column and the manual withdrawal of the column shall be carried out from the bottom up and from the far side. If the inclination of the ore body is less than 10 degrees, the order of withdrawing the column is not limited.
(6) Safety regulations for sublevel caving mining method and stage caving method with bottom column
The stopway of the stope shall have independent inlet and return air passages, and the direction of transport of the electric ramp shall be opposite to the direction of wind flow. The communication path between the electric ramps shall be located on the side of the wind and on the side or rear of the electric winch. Beside the electric tunnel, there must be a sidewalk with a width of not less than 0.8m. Unrepaired electric ramps are not allowed to mine. When using extrusion blasting, the compensation space and the amount of ore-mining should be controlled to avoid the occurrence of overhanging.
The bottom space should form a loose mat layer with a thickness of not less than 3 to 4 m. The top of the stope shall have a covered rock layer with a thickness not less than the height of the caving layer. If the top plate of the stope cannot be self-propelled, it should be forced to collapse in time or filled with filler. Both the sub-column sublevel caving method and the stage caving method should have a strict mining sequence, especially in the high-stage natural caving method. Both the bottoming method and the mining sequence need to strictly follow the law of ground pressure.
(7) Safety regulations for sublevel caving mining method without bottom pillar
1 Above the mining face, there should be a covered rock layer larger than the section height to ensure the safety of the mining work. If the amount of rock that cannot be self-propelled or falling on the upper plate does not reach the specified thickness, it must be forcedly topped in time to make the thickness of the covered rock layer reach about twice the segment height. When the upper and lower sections are simultaneously harvested, the upper section shall be advanced to the lower section, and the advance distance shall be such that the upper section is outside the range of the displacement of the lower section of the mining face, and shall not be less than 20 m. Each segmental contact must have sufficient fresh airflow. After the completion of each section, the slippery port of this section shall be closed in time.
(8) Safety regulations for stratified caving
The width of each stratified approach shall not exceed 3m and the stratified height shall not exceed 3.5m. When the upper and lower layers are simultaneously harvested; the upper layer (in the horizontal direction) must be maintained above the adjacent lower layer for more than 15m. When the false top is collapsed, personnel are prohibited from staying in the adjacent approach. When the false top landing is blocked, it is forbidden to continue mining stratification. When the roof is dropped, it is forbidden to work in the adjacent or lower part of the roadway. When the roof is collapsed, it is forbidden to use the felling method to withdraw the pillars. When the first layer is mined, it is forbidden to withdraw the pillars. For the gently inclined ore body whose roof cannot be collapsed naturally in time, it should be forced to ceiling.
Rock drilling, charging, mining and other operations should be carried out in the support area. After the mining area is finished, a reinforced false roof should be laid at the entrance of the patio. Mining should be carried out from the side of the nugget to the direction of the patio to avoid a poorly ventilated single working face. When the excavation approaches the patio, the stratified veins (through the veins) must communicate with the other ten patios within the stratification. To clean the work surface, it must start from the exit to the caving area.
(9) Safety regulations for returning to the mining column
For the recovery of the top column and the column, the stability of the transportation roadway should be checked in advance, and reinforcement measures should be taken when necessary. When the cement filling method is used, it is necessary to carry out the pillar recovery after the cemented filling body reaches the required strength. It is forbidden to cut the roadway in the pillar when mining the column between the two adjacent mines that are not filled. All the preparations for the recovery of the top column and the column must be completed before the end of the mine mining (except for the cemented filling gob area). Except for the charging and blasting staff, unrelated personnel are prohibited from entering the roadway and pillar mining area in the unfilled mine roof column.
When large-scale blasting is used to force a large number of pillars to be collapsed, large-blast construction organization design and safety technical measures must be prepared. Safety measures shall be taken for roadways, equipment and facilities within the range of blasting shock waves and seismic waves and the radius of influence. If the expected collapse effect is not achieved, a supplementary collapse design shall be made.
(10) Safety regulations for mining and mining of small mines
Any mine, regardless of its size, must be implemented in strict accordance with the safety regulations promulgated by the state. Small mines must have pedestrian access. Before the pit, the passage from the surface to the working surface and the independent personnel access passage, the side help of the working point, the roof and the topsoil must be carefully checked. After confirming the safety, the work must be carried out. In case of rain, snow or inclement weather, the open pit mine should stop working and the personnel should be evacuated to the surface.
After the rain or snow, you should observe a certain period of time, and you can resume production after you have stabilized. When lifting the rock, personnel should hide in a safe place and not be allowed to stand under the bucket. The working surface of the underground work should be illuminated, and the derrick should be stable and secure. The raised wellhead should be higher than the ground to prevent the surface water from flowing into the manhole or other objects such as ore and rolling people into the well.
In places with poor air circulation, the oxygen content and other harmful gas contents should be checked to prevent suffocation. When there is no second backup power supply for the small mines, production will be stopped during the downpour and all underground personnel will be evacuated. Since the state has a special safety rules for non-coal mines, not because of its size and distinction, it must not be considered small mines can not be subject to security procedures.
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