Bauxite ore processing (processing of bauxite ore) is selected from bauxite ore process bauxite ore carve. Its purpose is to remove gangue minerals and harmful impurities, and to separate high-aluminum minerals and low-aluminum minerals to obtain concentrates with high Al-Si ratio. Bauxite is also known as bauxite. The main mineral composition is diaspore (A12O3•H2O) and kaolinite (Al2O3•2SiC)2•2H2O). The diaspore is a finely divided colloidal mixture composed of disulfide, boehmite and gibbsite in various proportions. Bauxite often coexist with oxides and hydroxides, anatase and kaolinite, chlorite clay minerals such as iron. Sometimes it also contains minerals such as calcium, magnesium and sulfur. Bauxite ore can be divided into high alkali bauxite, high titanium bauxite or high iron bauxite according to the impurities contained in it.
China divides bauxite into five categories according to different mineral composition: (1) diaspore-kaolinite type (D-K type); (2) diaspore pyrophyllite type (D-P type); 3) a kaolinite boehmite type (B ~ K type); (4) water-type aluminum Shiyi Li Shi (D-I type); (5) a stone gibbsite Dangao Ling rutile (D- K-R type). The mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2) produced by calcination of bauxite is an excellent raw material for refractory materials. Bauxite is also a raw material for the production of alumina, corundum abrasives, and aluminum compounds. Bauxite is mainly classified by Al2O3 content or Al2O3/SiO2 ratio. Bauxite mines with different uses have different requirements for impurity content. China's relevant standards divide refractory bauxite into five grades, of which special grades require Al2O375%, Fe2O3<2.0%, CaO<0.5%, refractoriness>1770°C; Grade IV requirements A12O345%-55%, Fe2O3 <2.5%, CaO<0.7%, refractoriness>1770°C; the alumina bauxite produced by alumina is divided into seven grades, of which the first grade requires Al2O3/SiO2≥12, Al2O3≥60%; the seventh grade requires Al2O3 /SiO2≥6, Al2O3≥48%. The main beneficiation methods include washing, flotation, magnetic separation and chemical beneficiation. Washing is the simplest and most effective way to increase the ratio of aluminum to silicon in bauxite. The ore can generally increase the ratio of aluminum to silicon by about 2 times, which is more effective for the sorting of loose ore. Washing is often combined with other sorting methods to form a washing (screen washing) grading - hand selection process. Flotation can be used to separate boehmite and kaolinite, using oxidized paraffin soap and tar oil as collectors , in an alkaline medium. Magnetic separation is used to separate iron-containing minerals. The chemical beneficiation mainly consists of roasting and desiliconization. This is based on the fact that the main silicon-containing mineral in the ore is hydrous aluminum silicate. After calcination, part of Si()z is transformed into amorphous crystals, which are easily soluble in alkali, and the aluminum is improved. Silicon ratio.
The main beneficiation process uses different beneficiation processes according to different types of ore. (1) Beneficiation process of gibbsite-kaolinite bauxite. It is often used for sludge and sand sorting. After coarse grinding, the iron is removed by magnetic separation, and the ore is floated after grinding. The flotation reagent was prepared with oleic acid, tal oil and engine oil in a ratio of 1:1:1. The beneficiation process of the low-grade gibbsite kaolinite bauxite used in the former Soviet Union is shown in Figure 1. The bauxite flotation concentrate grade contains Al2O349.65% and the recovery rate is 45.3%. A1203/SiO2 is 12.3.
(2) The beneficiation process of boehmite and chlorite-type bauxite. The ore is characterized by the fine combination of fine-grained hematite and chlorite and boehmite, and the ore is brittle. After the ore dressing is sieved and washed, the coarse grade is subjected to selective crushing and then classified, and the coarse fraction is a low aluminum to silicon ratio product. Fine grades can be used to remove impurity iron by selective flocculation. The main mineral of Yangquan bauxite mine in Shanxi, China is gibbsite-kaolinite. The flotation process is shown in Figure 2. The flotation concentrate yield is 40.62-26, and the grade contains Al2O374.59%. (3) Desiliconization ore dressing process of high silicon bauxite ore. Flotation method is more efficient, aluminum mineral collector and sulfonates of fatty acids, sodium hexametaphosphate adjustment agents are phosphate, tannic acid, sodium pyrophosphate, soda, sodium carbonate. (4) High-iron bauxite ore dressing process. According to the content, type and embedding characteristics of iron minerals, different methods of iron removal are adopted. Common magnetic separation, roasting magnetic separation, carrier flotation de-ironing.
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