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A stable, safe and efficient "super battery" has always been a dream that people pursue.
Recently, Huawei's research team has made significant progress in the field of lithium-ion batteries. Its first high-temperature long-life graphene-based lithium-ion battery not only has high temperature resistance, but also doubles the service life of ordinary lithium batteries.
As the saying goes, real gold is not afraid of fire. Known as "black gold", graphene is the hottest "material star" in the battery field. Among the 10 key breakthrough technologies and strategic industries selected in "Made in China 2025", graphene materials are one of the four key points in the field of cutting-edge new materials. As the new type of nanomaterials with the thinnest thickness, highest strength and best conductivity, graphene is known as the “magic material†that can change the 21st century. This “king of new materials†is bound to set off the battery field. An energy revolution.
Strongly debut "material star"
"There is a substance that is as magical as Alice in Wonderland, and that is graphene."
Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal which is separated from a graphite material and arranged by carbon atoms according to a special structure. In 2004, the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom successfully separated graphene from graphite for the first time. After six years, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
We must be familiar with lifting graphite. The most commonly used pencil refill is the mixing of graphite and clay, and the main source of graphene is graphite. From another point of view, graphene has only a single layer of atomic thickness, and the graphite in the pencil lead is equivalent to the stacking of numerous layers of graphene. Because graphene is so thin, the materials that use graphene will also be "slimmed" in the "body". In the future, the thickness of mobile phones made of graphene may be as thin as a bank card.
Although graphene is "born", it is amazed. It is not only the thinnest material in nature, but also the material with the highest strength. The breaking strength of graphene is 200 times higher than that of the best steel. Graphene's elasticity is amazing, it can be stretched and bent infinitely, and its compressive ability, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity make it stand out in many materials.
In addition, graphite also has the outstanding advantages of large reserves and high quality and low price. China's graphite ore reserves have reached 75% of the world's total reserves, providing a rich source for the production and application of graphene.
It’s not a dream
“Charging for 7 seconds, driving 35 kilometers.†This is no longer a slogan, but the excellent energy storage characteristics of the graphene-based lithium battery developed by researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The principle of rapid charging of graphene-based lithium batteries stems from the rapid mass transfer of lithium ions between the graphene surface and the electrodes. In fact, the rate of charge and discharge of a lithium-ion battery depends on the speed at which lithium ions "swimm" in the electrode. Graphene has excellent electron conductivity and a unique two-dimensional single-atom structure, which can plan the optimal moving path for lithium ions between electrodes, and greatly improve the charging and discharging speed of lithium ion batteries.
According to statistics, by incorporating graphene, the speed of electron movement can reach one-third of the speed of light, far exceeding the speed of electron movement in a general conductor. This not only can bring about efficient migration, but also reduce energy loss. The superior conductivity can effectively improve the outstanding problems of long charging time and insufficient power of traditional batteries.
How should "power anxiety" be cracked?
For a long time, battery life is a "difficult problem" with electronic devices running on ordinary batteries. The existing fast charging technology is generally implemented by increasing the voltage mode. To reduce the volume, the thickness of the diaphragm of the lithium ion battery is also continuously compressed. However, this can easily lead to overheating of the battery, which poses a safety hazard of spontaneous combustion of the battery.
Today, graphene will become the "dreamer" of the dream of "super battery." Graphene-based lithium battery is a new type of battery that adds graphene to the electrode material of traditional lithium battery. It has the advantages of faster charging speed, larger capacity and longer life. Prior to this, China has successfully developed a graphene-based lithium-ion battery "ene king", which can withstand the "severe cold and heat" test of -30 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, charging efficiency is 24 times that of ordinary batteries.
Once the graphene-based lithium battery is used, the future new energy vehicle will have a battery life of 500 kilometers, which can greatly alleviate the "power anxiety" problem in people's minds.
Unlimited possible future applications
Due to the magical properties of the graphene material itself, the future application prospect is broad. In addition to being used in new types of batteries, graphene can also be used to make ultra-light aircraft materials such as thin sheets of paper, tough bullet-proof vests, and even ropes for space elevators. American scientists use graphene-made modems, which are only one-fourth of the diameter of hair, but have high-speed signal transmission capabilities, enabling instant downloads of high-definition movies. By putting together 10 graphene-made modems, the transmission speed can reach megabytes, which is 10,000 times faster than current fiber-optic networks.
The use of graphene in other fields is also magical. Due to its strong adsorption capacity, graphene can be used in filtration devices such as seawater desalination and sewage treatment, and it can be used to make special transparent electronic materials by virtue of its good light transmittance. In the future, the flexible and foldable mobile phone screen is likely to be “grapheneâ€. Create." With the rapid development of new materials technology, graphene can be used to make new thin films in the future, and only one layer of film can be used for danger when detonation of dangerous chemicals.
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